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In-Person Schedule

Experience our APDT 2025 in-person schedule, packed with specialized tracks and expert-led sessions for every level. From learning labs to interactive presentations, you’ll gain fresh insights and practical skills. Plus, connect with peers and stay on the cutting edge through dynamic networking events and community gatherings.

Wednesday, November 5

8:30-9:00 am

Opening Welcome

Matt Varney

Welcome to APDT 2025! Kick-off the first day of conference with APDT Executive Director, Matt Varney, and learn more about what to expect with the APDT Conference experience.

9:00-10:30 am

Opening Keynote: Behavior in Motion: Why movement cycles matter

Dr. Jesus Rosales-Ruiz

A movement cycle is a repeatable unit of behavior. It specifies a starting position and a series of learner-environment interactions that continue until the individual is back at the starting point and can begin the movement cycle again. For example, most people think of the behavior of “sitting” in terms of the outcome, the dog’s bottom on the floor. However, one movement cycle of sitting starts with the dog in a standing position, goes through a series of muscle movements and weight shifts until the dog’s bottom is on the floor, and then goes through another series of actions to return to the standing position. The concept of the movement cycle was developed and refined by Dr. Ogden Lindsley. However, he attributed the original idea to Dr. B. F. Skinner. Although the concept of the movement cycle is central to the description of behavior, it has largely been forgotten by modern behavior analysts and is unknown to many animal trainers. In this talk, we will explore why movement cycles are still relevant from a theoretical perspective and how they can help you better understand the nature of reinforcement. Thinking in terms of movement cycles will give you a new perspective when you are defining units of behavior for measurement, designing shaping plans, and setting your criteria for reinforcement.

10:45-11:45 am

What is happening?! Understanding Canine Compulsive Disorders

Fanna Easter

Watching a dog spin, chase reflections, consume non-food items and paw at shadows in repetition is frustrating and scary! Canine Compulsive Disorders are not as common as most think, however they do pop up. In this session, Fanna and Dr. F will explain compulsive disorders, discuss common causes and behavior protocols. If working with compulsive disorders is not your thing, learn how to identify the behavior and find a referral system quickly.

10:45-11:45 am

The Missing Piece: Adding Tellington TTouch to Your Training Toolbox

Deb Bauer

What if you had a tool at your disposal that your clients could learn easily and put into practice in between sessions, that would increase the relationship and connection with their dog while encouraging the relaxed behaviors they hope to achieve? What if that same tool could help you support leash pullers, fearful reactive behavior, and even cooperative care challenges, in a way that beautifully complements all the wonderful support you already offer? Join Tellington TTouch Practitioner and certified dog trainer Deb Bauer to discover this tool that may be the missing piece to your trainer toolbox. With years of experience blending science-based teaching methods with gentle yet powerful TTouch techniques, she will open the door to a world of possibility for trainers looking to elevate their results, enhance their services, and support both dogs and their humans in a whole new way. Here's what you can look forward to in this session: Unlock the Secrets of TTouch: Get an introduction to the transformative method of Tellington TTouch - an approach that builds physical and emotional balance to support learning, behavior and resilience. Inspiring Case Studies: Hear real-life success stories of how TTouch helps dogs with persistent leash pulling, sound sensitivity, reactivity, and grooming/handling challenges. Powerful, Practical Techniques: Learn easy-to-apply TTouch techniques you can immediately implement into your private sessions or group classes to create calm, confident and connected dogs. The Body-Behavior Connection: Dive into the fascinating link between physical alignment, emotional regulation, and behavioral success - and how TTouch taps into this synergy to create lasting change. If you're curious about what Tellington TTouch is and how to incorporate it into your training programs, allow this presentation to inspire you to fill in that missing piece in your toolbox. Leave this session inspired and equipped to create breakthrough moments for your clients - and discover how TTouch can revolutionalize your role as a trainer!

10:45-11:45 am

Cocker-Doodle-doo: What is a dog breed anyway?

Dr. Tim Lewis

Breeds and intentional crossbreeds are both distinct kinds of genetic lines selected for traits. We will distinguish species from breeds based on biological terms (think red wolf). We will look at the biological side of what makes up a dog breed and what we know about how the major breeds came into being based on DNA analysis rather than the written breed histories. We will look at some of the more popular breeds and crossbreeds as examples of artificial selection for specific activities. From this, we can use science to better establish our expectations about breed look and behavior, especially as it applies picking your next dog.

1:30-3:00 pm

Canine Sense and Scent Ability

Nathan Hall

Myths and legends abound about the canine sense of smell. In this talk I will provide the science of the canine sense of smell and describe how we measure it at the Canine Olfaction Lab. I will provide a tutorial on how we train dogs to detect odors and the research we conduct to support the performance of detection dogs.

1:30-3:00 pm

Risk Management & Legal Issues Panel - Q&A

Heidi Meinzer, David Pearsall

Heidi Meinzer, Animal Law Attorney, with the Law Office of Heidi Meinzer, PLLC, and David Pearsall, Certified Insurance Counselor, with Business Insurers of the Carolinas, will answer all your questions on how to best navigate all your legal issues and exposures to risk, and protect yourself (and your business) throughout your career. Whether you are just a pup, and just starting up... or in your prime, doing fine, but considering expansion, adding staff, or leasing or purchasing a new facility, etc... or limping to the finish line of your championship career, and transitioning to a new mentoring/consulting role... or even just a tad curious as to how to best protect your pasture at the end of the day, Heidi and David are here to answer all your questions regarding the various laws & types of insurance protection to consider along your journey. The primary objective being to provide you with peace of mind in these areas... so you can rest easy and Focus on the Dogs in Your Life!

1:30-3:00 pm

Rethinking Reactivity - Understanding and working with reactive behavior from the inside out

Victoria Stilwell

Living or working with a reactive dog is hard on everyone and it is understandable that people are often frustrated, embarrassed and exhausted with their dog's reactive behavior. Trainers are often brought in when the 'problem' has become too difficult for guardians to manage, and this makes it even more challenging for trainers to find effective, workable solutions that are easy for clients to understand and utilize. In this presentation we will look at what reactivity is and how trainers and guardians can use Positively's comprehensive and innovative approach to work successfully with reactive behavior. Attendees will learn: What reactivity is and why it seems more dogs are showing reactive behaviors in and out of the home How to rethink training as not something you do 'to' dogs, but what you build with them How to 'read' dogs better Why tolerance is not a recipe for success How to 'work the problem' using the Positively zones The importance of careful evaluation and how it helps the dog/guardian team's future success

1:30-3:00 pm

LEARNING LAB: The Wolf in Your Kitchen: How your dog is a wolf, and how it is so much better

Dr. Tim Lewis

This hands-on Learning Lab will allow you to see what sets carnivores, including wolves, apart from other mammals like bears and weasels; how wolves are distinct from other wolf-like mammals such as coyotes and foxes; and how domestic dogs are wolves, and yet better than that. Ten thousand years of deliberate selection had to make some things better for us, right? In this lab, we will use real skulls and furs to better understand wolves and their kin, but note that all domestic skulls will be plastic reproductions.

3:15-4:45 pm

Love Bites: Dog Aggression Directed at Family or Friends

Michael Shikashio

Have you recently introduced a new dog to your family, only to witness unexpected aggression directed towards your partner or visitors? Or, has your long-time companion suddenly dispayed hosility towards a family member you live with? Perhaps you've observed your dog reacting aggressively when you and your partner express affection or approach each other? Maybe your dog just doesn't want anyone in the home except for you?! If any of these scenarios resonate with you or your clients, then this presentation will be tailored to address these issues. Join Michael Shikashio CDBC as he dives into the undelrying reasons behind this often puzzling and stressful type of aggression. In addition to shedding light on the root causes, Mike will provide valuable insights into effective managment and behavior change strategies suitable for situations where dogs and humans share living spaces, whether around the clock, or for just a few mintues while visiting!

3:15-4:45 pm

Building Reinforcement Systems that Lead to Improved Communication and Accelerated Learning

Mary Hunter

Why is it that some dogs learn slowly and seem so disengaged, even when the trainer has what should be an effective reinforcer? What is often missing is a reinforcement system. Reinforcement involves the interaction between two individuals. These interactions create a “reinforcement system,” which is the interconnected chain of behaviors between the human and dog. In order for a reinforcement system to work effectively, the dog must learn when reinforcement is available, where to go or what to do to access the reinforcer, how to consume the reinforcer, and how to go back to the task after consuming the reinforcer. This presentation will look at the elements of a reinforcement system and discuss step-by-step procedures that can be used to design and teach new reinforcement systems. Understanding the concept of a reinforcement system will help you maximize the effectiveness of your reinforcers and accelerate your training progress.

3:15-4:45 pm

Canine Colors: Personality Testing for Clients and Dogs!

Beth Bowers

This is one of Beth's favorite & fun workshops to facilitate! CANINE COLORS® personality test will introduce you to yourself, your clients, and the dogs in a way you never imagined! Are there clients that you don't seem to connect with? Are there dogs that stress you in different ways? This workshop will open doors to how you work with clients and help them to understand what's working and not working with their dogs and how to appreciate the dog that's in front of them. Discover you and your dog's color personality with our patented color psychology test! CANINE COLORS® also gives a compelling view of how we can help our clients find their perfect canine companion.

5:00-7:00 pm

Welcome Reception and Exhibit Hall Grand Opening

More info coming soon!

Thursday, November 6

8:00-9:00 am

Skully and Mulder: Weird, wild, and wonderful cases with the Dr. Detectives

Dr. Amy Pike, Dr. Amy Learn

In this talk, Drs. Amy Learn and Amy Pike will discuss cases of theirs that have over the years either stumped their veterinary colleagues, or just plain fascinated them!

8:00-9:00 am

The Sensory Savvy Trainer: Adapting Methods for Blind and Deaf Dogs

Deb Bauer

Join internationally-recognized expert Deb Bauer, celebrated for her groundbreaking work with blind and/or deaf dogs, as she takes you on a journey into the often-overlooked world of dogs living with sensory differences. This engaging presentation is designed specifically for dog trainers and professionals who are eager to expand their knowledge, grow their client base, and ensure that no dog or family feels left behind. Blind and deaf dogs are becoming more prevalent in the dog community as a whole. Yet, many professionals feel uncertain about how to accommodate these special dogs, communicate effectively, and set them up for success. Deb's expertise bridges that gap, offering practical, compassionate solutions that can be implemented immediately. In this session: Explore and correct common misconceptions about blind and deaf dogs' abilities and limitations. Get answers to the most common concerns and questions raised by trainers and families surrounding working with dogs with sensory differences. Discover innovative methods for teaching and connecting with blind and deaf dogs, from teaching some must-haves, to using visual and tactile cues. Learn how to create an inclusive professional environment that sets these dogs - and their families - up for success. Gain actionable strategies to immediately support blind and deaf dogs in both private sessions and group classes. Incorporating blind and deaf dogs into your training and other services not only showcases your comitment to inclusivity but also positions your business as a trusted resource for families living with these unique dogs. With these insights and practical tips, you'll leave this presentation feeling confident and inspired to work with these extraordinary dogs - and their devoted families. This session is more than an educational opportunity; it's a chance to broaden your impact as a trainer and makke a meaningful difference for dogs who need your skills the most. Don't miss it!

8:00-9:00 am

Dog Training For Good: How to Help More People (Without Losing Yourself!)

Miranda Hitchcock

As a trainer, you love helping people and dogs. But you also know that you have to set boundaries when it comes to that help: you need to make enough money to support yourself, and you know you get frustrated when clients don’t do what you’re asking. You might have been hearing about diversity, equity, and inclusion, but have no idea it impacts you or what you can do about it. And you know that families are struggling financially right now, but feel like there’s not much you can do to help. Or maybe you feel like you’re already including everyone and aren’t sure why these conversations keep coming up! All of these fears and frustrations can make it feel impossible to take action to help more families and become more inclusive as an industry (or as a single trainer!) So today we’re going to talk about some real-world strategies you can use to become more inclusive in your training- without sacrificing your own quality of life. We’ll talk about some of the values and general knowledge around inclusivity and barriers to access. But we’ll also talk about real-world strategies that you and other trainers or behavior professionals can use to include more people and pups- without sacrificing yourself! Attendees will walk away from this presentation with some increased understanding of some of the challenges dog guardians face as well as tangible actions they can take to break down those barriers.

9:15-10:15 am

How to Talk so People will Listen...How to Listen so People will Talk

Kenny Lamberti

Regardless of what we are trying to accomplish being able to effectively communicate is the key to success. Whether working with an individual dog, managing a team, or giving a keynote adress, our abilty to deeply understand our audience and the message we hope to convey will make the difference in leaving a lasting meaningful impression. In this session we will explore how cultural nuance, surrendering our ego, and viewing our message with humility through the eyes and ears of the listener can elevate us as leaders, teachers, faciliators, and change makers.

9:15-10:15 am

Fitting Equipment to Dogs

Sue Alexander

Equipment is an important part of dog training today, and everyone has an opinion about what equipment you will or will not use.  In order to have meaningful conversations with clients and colleagues, we have to have an understanding of how equipment works and what mode of action is in play when equipment is used.  In this presentation you will learn how to evaluate equipment through the lens of mode of action, how to put that equipment onto the dog so that it works as intended, and how to choose equipment that will help you to achieve your training goals. In this talk, we will be looking at a wide variety of equipment, with the recognition that every trainer must choose equipment that suits their needs, and fits within their own ethical beliefs.

9:15-10:15 am

Genetics of Your Dog

Dr. Tim Lewis

Session info coming soon!

10:30-1:30 pm

Exhibit Hall Exclusive

Stay tuned to learn more about demos and exhibitors! Info coming soon!

1:30-3:00 pm

How WE Learn: An Introduction to Behavior Analysis and Training

Rick Hester

This talk is an introduction to the principles, procedures, and philosophy of behavior analysis. We will review six fundamental topics to understanding and changing animal behavior. The topics include 1) an evolutionary view of learning and behavior; 2) a review of the science of behavior-change called behavior analysis; 3) common obstacles to the scientific analysis of learning and behavior; 4) ABC assessment to better understand, predict and change behavior; 5) the errorless learning philosophy and antecedent arrangement to make the right behavior more likely; 6) the relevance of the least intrusive procedure to ethical use of training procedures.

1:30-3:00 pm

LEARNING LAB: Shock and Awe: Designing Research Studies about Dog Training Methods

Lisa Gunter, Erica Feuerbacher

Conducting research is a challenging endeavor, and even more so when we ask applied questions. When we consider recent research attempting to investigate the relative impacts of shock collars and food-based training on dog behavior and welfare, being a well-informed consumer of science is critical in order to evaluate studies for their merits and limitations. When carrying out research studies, scientists must have a clear understanding of their research question, appropriate dependent measures to answer that question, a design that is free from bias (or are biased against their hypothesis), and experimental conditions that are equivalent in as many ways as possible except for the critical variable of interest. Samples should be representative of the population, and their methodology consistently applied. Following data collection, scientists need to ensure interpretations are consistent with the analytical results, and be transparent with their data. In this workshop, we will discuss these essential features in greater detail. We will then facilliate attendees working together in small groups as they design a study investigating their own question about training methods. Following this workshop, attendees will work have a better understanding about the challenges of conducting applied research and be more informed consumers of science, including being able to discuss a given study’s strengths and limitations more knowledgeably.

1:30-3:00 pm

Puppy Kindergarten: The new science of raising a great dog

Vanessa Woods

What does it take to raise a great dog? This was the question that we hoped to answer when we enrolled one hundred and one Canine Companion service dog puppies in a longitudinal study of cognition and temperament at the Duke Puppy Kindergarten between 2018-2024. With the help of a retired service dog named Congo and hundreds of undergraduate volunteers, we set out to understand the secrets of the puppy mind. Applying the same games that psychologists use when exploring the development of young children, we tested when cognition critical to a dog’s training success first develops during a puppy’s final stage of rapid brain development (from approximately 8-20 weeks of age). We also socialized our puppies in two different ways to test which positive early experiences might enhance their abilities and give them a cognitive head-start. The results were surprising - maturational patterns varied greatly between cognitive skills, with puppies showing adult-like performance on some tasks only weeks after a skill emerged, while never achieving adult performance in others. Differences in rearing strategy did not lead to differences in developmental patterns while, in some cases, repeated testing enhanced cognitive development. The results suggest ways to integrate this new developmental understanding into training approaches. Raising dozens of puppies on a college campus allowed us to rigorously ask a host of other questions including how stress physiology, sleep, coprophagy develops and what rearing strategies are most likely to lead to a positive outcome. We use all the discoveries to ultimate provide science-based recommendations on how to best help our puppies grow up to be the best dogs they can possibly be.

1:30-3:00 pm

From Joyful Play To Musical Freestyle: Enhancing Your Relationship Through Movement and Music

Ruth Lewis

Studies show that dogs who listen to specific types of music experience a reduction in anxiety and stress. It has also been demonstrated that the use of music is effective in increasing levels of beneficial hormones like serotonin and dopamine in both dog and handler. These increased levels can help increase the relationship and bond. This session will explore methods and beneits of combining music and movement into a variety of dog activities such as training, classes, conditioning, and even canine musical freestyle.

4:00-5:00 pm

Finding Furever Homes: Training shelter volunteers how to teach dogs behaviors that promote adoption

Sean Will and Maasa Nishimuta

Animal shelters across the United States are tasked with caring for and re-homing over three million dogs annually. Well-trained volunteers are required to help dogs get adopted from animal shelters. Inadequate training can lead to mismanagement of the volunteers and attrition of those volunteers who are critical to helping shelter dogs get adopted. However, animal shelters often lack access to the resources and funds required to provide adequate training. This study created and examined a cost-effective and effective method to train volunteers how to teach dogs behaviors that have been demonstrated through research to promote dog adoption.  This presentation will explore the research behind dog adoption and the ONE behavior shown to have a statistically significant increase in being adopted, the training program used to teach volunteers how to teach this behavior to the dogs, and the results of the training for the humans and the outcomes it had for the dogs!

4:00-5:00 pm

Emergency and Disaster Preparedness

Gretchen Powers

This lecture will discuss the impact to pets and animals during times of crisis with an emphasis on preparedness strategies. Topics will include creating and practicing an emergency plan, items to include in a pet emergency kit, and considerations for sheltering during disasters.

6:00-10:00 pm

Night on the Town

VIP Event

Additional Cost at registration: APDT is bringing the evening social back to conference in a big way. Attendees will board buses from their hotels which will whisk them away to an exclusive evening as APDT International takes over an entire tap room and brewery. You’ll sample branded brews and a variety of food options as we spend the first part of the evening connecting with everyone you’ve met at the big event. Next, continue with an intimate session from one of our most engaging speakers who will be delivering unique content only available to Thursday night’s event, adding another valuable CEU to your collection. As we wrap up the learning content, music will take over the speakers and you will have the opportunity to dance and mingle well into the night.

Friday, November 7

8:00-9:30 am

The "Good Life" of a Good Dog: A total welfare model for the future of the pet dog industry

Kim Brophey

How do you REALLY get a "Good Dog"? By giving them a "Good Life" - a term that has been defined by leading animal welfare scientists concerned with the characteristics of optimal welfare as the gold standard for any animal living under human control and captive conditions. Because - guess what? Animals who have this "Good Life" standard of welfare do not have behavior problems. That's right- our dogs' behavior challenges are very often symptoms of their chronic confusion, frustration, and distress in their modern pet lives. The "easy" life of today's pet is not as easy as we think it is - and our dogs desperately need our help as their stewards and professionals. This talk will be a powerful, game-changing, conflict-mediating introduction to Kim Brophey's new Total Welfare Assessment Tool - the integration of the internationally celebrated L.E.G.S. Model of Canine Science with the updated framework of the Five Domains Model of Animal Welfare. This tool will give dog professionals a solid basis for curating a "Good Life" standard of welfare for pet dogs in their care to prevent and treat behavior problems, as well as the ability to evaluate and track a dog's welfare before and after interventions are provided (without falling into abstract questions, concepts, values, and arguments about terms that are impossible to define). This model offers a promising future to an industry that is currently mired in conflict about the meaning of welfare for pet dogs - a solution for not only the health of our industry, but for the countless dogs and families who depend on us.

8:00-9:30 am

LEARNING LAB: Shock & Awe: Designing Rigorous Research Studies about Dog Training Methods

Lisa Gunter, Erica Feuerbacher

Conducting research is a challengeing endevor, and even more so when we ask applied questions. When we consider recent research attempting to investigate the relative impacts of shock collars and food based training. On dog behvior and welfare, being a well informed consumer of science is critical in order to evaluate studies for their merits and limitations. When carrying out research studies, scientist must have clear understanding of their research questions, appropriate dependent measures to answer that question, a design that is free from bias (or are biased against their hypothesis), and experimental conditions that are equivalent in as many ways as possible, expect for critical variable on interest. Samples should be representative of the population, and their methodology consistent with the analytical research. In this workshop, we will discuss these essential features in greater detail. We will then facilitate attendees working together in small groups as they design a study investigating their own question about training methods. Following this workshop, attendees will have a better understanding about the challenges of conducting applied research and the more informed consumers of science, including being able to discuss a given study strengths and limitations more knowlwdgeably.

8:00-9:30 am

Behavioral Euthanasia: Fact and Fiction

Miranda Hitchcock

Behavioral euthanasia is an important topic for behavior consultants, shelter workers, and the behavior community as a whole- but there’s been very little research about it over the years. More practitioners are talking about behavioral euthanasia, despite the stigma that has prevented these discussions from becoming mainstream. But without broader understanding and research, many professionals are left only with their personal experiences and anecdotes when talking about this difficult topic. This talk will cover the research on behavioral euthanasia, to provide behavior professionals with a better understanding of what we actually know about the topic. We’ll specifically focus on separating fact from fiction: is behavioral euthanasia mostly for young dogs? Is it mostly about access to resources/funding? How often is it happening? Is it about convenience, or safety, or quality of life? Attendees will leave this presentation with a better understanding of what we know about behavioral euthanasia- and what we don’t. They’ll also leave with some tips and tricks for handling conversations around behavioral euthanasia, and how to help clients making these difficult decisions.

8:00-9:30 am

Enrichment in Richmond: Keeping Shelter Dogs and Cats Safe, Sane, and Thriving

Sarah Babcock

Caring for an average of 100 dogs and 150 cats at the Richmond SPCA means ensuring not just their physical well-being but also their mental and emotional health. While medical care and behavior modification play key roles, daily enrichment is essential to reducing stress and setting animals up for success in the shelter and beyond. In this interactive session, we’ll explore proven, practical enrichment strategies for both dogs and cats, including playgroups, scent work, quiet time, and volunteer-led efforts like the Richmond SPCA’s Running Buddies, Green Team, and Blue Team programs. We’ll highlight successful programs from our shelter and others, share enrichment plans for foster and adoptive homes, and discuss solutions to common challenges, such as limited time and resources. Attendees will leave with ready-to-use enrichment ideas, DIY craft projects, and actionable plans they can implement in shelters, rescues, and homes. Whether you work with dogs, cats, or both, this session will provide inspiration and practical tools to enhance the lives of the animals in your care.

9:45-10:45 am

Out and About Dangers

Beth Bowers

Have you considered the dangers that lurk while you are on location with your clients? If you are working on leash manners with your clients outside, this class is for you! We want to bring awareness to the top 6 Emergencies when you are outdoors with dogs! This program will cover Bites, Stings, Allergic Reactions, Snakebites, Poisons/Toxins/Parasites, Extreme Temperatures, Trauma Injuries/Fractures, Bleeding Wounds and Trauma!

9:45-10:45 am

Embracing all 4 L.E.G.S. of Pets and People to Create a New Kind of Veterinary Experience

Colleen Quinn

The science of ethology has reemerged as a critical aspect of behavior in the last few years and one of the models (developed by Kim Brophey CDBC, BA) is L.E.G.S. , which stands for Learning, Environment, Genetics, and Self. It focuses on the "why" behind behaviors, more than the "how to's" of changing behaviors. If we understand more about why animals are showing the behaviors they are through analyzing their L.E.G.S., we can meet their needs better and improve their emotional, physical, and mental health and in turn, improve their welfare. This model can be incorporated into the veterinary setting, alongside Fear-Free and Low Stress Handling, to decrease anxiety for both the pets and their owners. Come hear about the L.E.G.S. model, how it works in a veterinary setting, and see how the speaker has used it to open an entirely new type of veterinary clinic designed specificcally to help anxious, fearful and aggressive pets.

10:45-1:15 pm

Exhibit Hall Exclusive

More info coming soon!

1:15-2:00 pm

Closing Speech

Matt Varney

Stay tuned for exciting annoucements and recognitions.

2:00-3:30 pm

CLOSING KEYNOTE: The Genius of Dogs

Dr. Brian Hare

Dogs have more jobs than ever, but the demand for the best trained dogs far exceeds the supply. The challenge is identifying dogs that are most likely to succeed with working dog training. Here I will present data on individual differences in dog psychology that demonstrate that dogs have different types of cognition and these abilities vary independently. I will then explain how the existence of cognitive profiles in dogs has the potential to enhance the selection, breeding and rearing of working dogs. To tell the story I will share what we have learned so far about puppies, service dogs, bomb detection, genes and even some wolves. The ending we are working toward is one where 1) we can train dogs for jobs they are most likely to succeed in and 2) more people in need can benefit from the help a dog can provide. I will conclude by sharing how we are currently working toward these goals and explain how our findings link to dog training more generally.

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